As previously mentioned, most minor burns can be treated by cooling them under cold running water for a minimum of 20 minutes. Remember if it’s a chemical burn, you must identify the chemical to ensure that it doesn’t react to water.

SWALLOWED CHEMICAL

If a chemical has been swallowed you will like see swelling, inflammation and possible blistering around the mouth.

TREATMENT – HIGH VOLTAGE

• Keep everyone at least 18 metres away until the source has been isolated
• Immediately call the emergency services
• If it’s safe the approach, carry out basic life support

TREATMENT – LOW VOLTAGE

• Turn off the power supply
• Where possible, insulate yourself before attempting to free the casualty from the source
• Carry out any basic life support
• Treat for any burn
• Call for an ambulance

The safest way to dilute the chemical once it’s been ingested is to allow the casualty to sip water. Try and prevent them from vomiting as this will burn the trachea (windpipe) on the way back up.

ELECTRICAL BURNS

Electrical burns can be caused by lightening or from a human made source, namely high and low voltage.

TREATMENT – LIGHTNING STRIKE

• Call for an ambulance immediately
• Help the casualty if it is safe to do so
• This is likely to include basic life support and treating any serious burn.